Maximum transmission unit size selection for wireless data transfer

ABSTRACT

The described technology is generally directed towards selecting, by user equipment, a selected maximum transmission unit (MTU) packet size for wireless data transfer based on radio signal conditions. In one aspect, reference signal received power (RSRP) and reference signal received quality (RSRQ) are used to select the MTU packet size, e.g., by using RSRP and RSRQ as indices to a lookup table of predetermined MTU packet sizes, such as previously determined by field testing. In general, smaller MTU packet sizes are used with poorer quality radio signal conditions. The selected MTU packet size may be increased or decreased based on actual performance data and/or based on changed radio signal conditions, such as for a subsequent data transfer session. The user equipment may comprise a Cat-M device that transfers data related to Machine-Type Communications (MTC)/Machine to Machine (M2M) communications.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

The subject patent application is a continuation of, and claims priorityto each of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/735,875, filed Jan. 7,2020, and entitled “MAXIMUM TRANSMISSION UNIT SIZE SELECTION FORWIRELESS DATA TRANSFER,” which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/939,892 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,567,297), filedMar. 29, 2018, and entitled “MAXIMUM TRANSMISSION UNIT SIZE SELECTIONFOR WIRELESS DATA TRANSFER,” the entireties of which applications arehereby incorporated by reference herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject application is related to wireless communication systems,and, for example, to dynamic selection of a maximum transmission unit(MTU) packet size for wireless communications, such as for use incategory-M (cat-M) devices.

BACKGROUND

In LTE wireless communication systems, machine-type communications(MTC), including massive machine-type communications, refers to machinedevices communicating with one another through wireless networks.Category-M devices (cat-M devices, sometimes referred to as LTE-Mdevices) typically refer to user equipment machines that are part of theInternet of Things (IoT) and communicate relatively small amounts ofdata with other machines via a wireless LTE network using theTransmission Control Protocol (TCP)/Internet Protocol (IP). Examples ofCategory-M devices include smart metering devices, sensors, healthcaredevices, wearables and the like.

For MTC data transmission, the IP packet is broken into smaller radioresource blocks (RBs); the maximum number of RBs assigned to Cat-Mdevices is six, shared with other Cat-M devices at the time domain. Ifany one of the radio blocks is not received, the TCP packet cannot bereassembled, and retransmission of the radio block is required. Underpoor radio signal conditions, because of radio block retransmissions andTCP server timeout, when two or more Cat-M devices concurrentlydownload/upload data, the TCP session failure rate is high.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technology described herein is illustrated by way of example and notlimited in the accompanying figures in which like reference numeralsindicate similar elements and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system in which anetwork node device (e.g., network device) and various user equipment(UE), including a UE operating as a local manager, can implement variousaspects and implementations of the subject disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example communications sequence includingcommunications to select a maximum transmission unit (MTU) packet sizebased on radio signal conditions, in accordance with various aspects andimplementations of the subject disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of selecting an MTU packet size from adata store (table) based on received reference signals, in accordancewith various aspects and implementations of the subject disclosure.

FIGS. 4-6 comprise an example flow diagram of operations of a userequipment, including operations to select (and possibly vary based onperformance) an MTU packet size based on radio signal conditions, inaccordance with various aspects and implementations of the subjectdisclosure.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example flow diagram of a user equipment's exampleoperations for selecting an MTU packet size based on received referencesignals, in accordance with various aspects and implementations of thesubject disclosure.

FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of a user equipment's exampleoperations, comprising operations for selecting an MTU packet size basedon received reference signals, in accordance with various aspects andimplementations of the subject disclosure.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example flow diagram of a user equipment's exampleoperations for selecting an MTU packet size based on received referencesignals, in accordance with various aspects and implementations of thesubject disclosure.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobilehandset operable to engage in a system architecture that facilitateswireless communications according to one or more embodiments describedherein.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computeroperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates wirelesscommunications according to one or more embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Briefly, one or more aspects of the technology described herein aregenerally directed towards dynamically selecting a user equipmentdevice's maximum transmission unit (MTU) packet size based on radiosignal conditions. For example, the technology operates to use a smallerMTU size when radio signal conditions are relatively poor, and use alarger MTU size when signal conditions are relatively good. This reducesthe TCP round trip time, and improves MTC device communicationperformance.

As described herein, under poor radio signal conditions, a smaller MTUsize is selected for use, which reduces the number of radio blocksneeded for transmitting a TCP packet. This in turn reduces the TCPretransmission rate and time out rate, and thus reduces datadownload/upload failures, including for Cat-M devices, due to thelimited radio resources available and the long round trip delays thatotherwise result from a large number of repetitions. The mapping ofradio signal conditions to a suitable MTU size can be established byfield testing or the like.

In sum, the technology described herein of selective MTU sizes based onradio signal conditions reduces the TCP packet retransmission rate andsession time out rate, and therefore improves the data transfer(download/upload) success rate.

It should be understood that any of the examples and terms used hereinare non-limiting. For instance, while Cat-M devices are examples ofdevices, the technology is not limited to Cat-M, but rather thetechnology may provide benefits with Cat-0, Cat-1, LTE-M, NB-IoT,EC-GSM, and New Radio (NR, sometimes referred to as 5G) applications.Further, any wireless-capable user equipment may benefit from thetechnology described herein, including smartphones, tablets, notebooks,modems (cards, dongles/adapters (e.g., USB)) and so on. Thus, any of theexamples herein are non-limiting examples, and any of the embodiments,aspects, concepts, structures, functionalities or examples describedherein are non-limiting, and the technology may be used in various waysthat provide benefits and advantages in radio communications in general.

In some embodiments the non-limiting term “radio network node” or simply“network node,” “radio network device or simply “network device” is usedherein. These terms may be used interchangeably, and refer to any typeof network node that serves user equipment and/or connected to othernetwork node or network element or any radio node from where userequipment receives signal. Examples of radio network nodes are Node B,base station (BS), multi-standard radio (MSR) node such as MSR BS,gNodeB, eNode B, network controller, radio network controller (RNC),base station controller (BSC), relay, donor node controlling relay, basetransceiver station (BTS), access point (AP), transmission points,transmission nodes, RRU, RRH, nodes in distributed antenna system (DAS)etc.

In some embodiments the non-limiting term user equipment (UE) is used.It refers to any type of wireless device that communicates with a radionetwork node in a cellular or mobile communication system. Examples ofuser equipment are target device, device to device (D2D) user equipment,machine type communication(s) (MTC) user equipment or user equipmentcapable of machine to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, Tablet, mobileterminals, smart phone, laptop embedded equipped (LEE), laptop mountedequipment (LME), USB dongles etc.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system 100 inaccordance with various aspects and embodiments of the subjecttechnology. In one or more embodiments, the system 100 can comprise oneor more user equipment UEs 102(1)-102(n). One or more of the userequipments (e.g., 102(1) and 102(2)) can be Cat-M devices or the like.

In various embodiments, the system 100 is or comprises a wirelesscommunication network serviced by one or more wireless communicationnetwork providers. In example embodiments, a UE 102 can becommunicatively coupled to the wireless communication network via anetwork device 104 (e.g., network node). The network device 104 cancommunicate with the user equipment (UE) 102, thus providingconnectivity between the UE and the wider cellular network.

In example implementations, each UE 102 such as the UE 102(1) is able tosend and/or receive communication data via a wireless link to thenetwork device 104. The dashed arrow lines from the network device 104to the UE 102 represent downlink (DL) communications and the solid arrowlines from the UEs 102 to the network device 104 represents uplink (UL)communications.

The system 100 can further include one or more communication serviceprovider networks 106 that facilitate providing wireless communicationservices to various user equipment, including UEs 102(1)-102(n), via thenetwork device 104 and/or various additional network devices (not shown)included in the one or more communication service provider networks 106.The one or more communication service provider networks 106 can includevarious types of disparate networks, including but not limited to:cellular networks, femto networks, picocell networks, microcellnetworks, internet protocol (IP) networks Wi-Fi service networks,broadband service network, enterprise networks, cloud based networks,and the like. For example, in at least one implementation, system 100can be or include a large scale wireless communication network thatspans various geographic areas. According to this implementation, theone or more communication service provider networks 106 can be orinclude the wireless communication network and/or various additionaldevices and components of the wireless communication network (e.g.,additional network devices and cell, additional UEs, network serverdevices, etc.).

The network device 104 can be connected to the one or more communicationservice provider networks 106 via one or more backhaul links 108. Forexample, the one or more backhaul links 108 can comprise wired linkcomponents, such as a T1/E1 phone line, a digital subscriber line (DSL)(e.g., either synchronous or asynchronous), an asymmetric DSL (ADSL), anoptical fiber backbone, a coaxial cable, and the like. The one or morebackhaul links 108 can also include wireless link components, such asbut not limited to, line-of-sight (LOS) or non-LOS links which caninclude terrestrial air-interfaces or deep space links (e.g., satellitecommunication links for navigation).

The wireless communication system 100 can employ various cellularsystems, technologies, and modulation schemes to facilitate wirelessradio communications between devices (e.g., the user equipment 102 andthe network device 104). While example embodiments might be describedfor 4G LTE and 5G new radio (NR) systems, the embodiments can beapplicable to any radio access technology (RAT) or multi-RAT systemwhere the user equipment operates using multiple carriers e.g. LTEFDD/TDD, GSM/GERAN, CDMA2000 etc. For example, the system 100 canoperate in accordance with global system for mobile communications(GSM), universal mobile telecommunications service (UMTS), long termevolution (LTE), LTE frequency division duplexing (LTE FDD, LTE timedivision duplexing (TDD), high speed packet access (HSPA), code divisionmultiple access (CDMA), wideband CDMA (WCMDA), CDMA2000, time divisionmultiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA),multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA), single-carriercode division multiple access (SC-CDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA),orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), discrete Fouriertransform spread OFDM (DFT-spread OFDM) single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA),Filter bank based multi-carrier (FBMC), zero tail DFT-spread-OFDM (ZTDFT-s-OFDM), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), fixedmobile convergence (FMC), universal fixed mobile convergence (UFMC),unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), unique word DFT-spread OFDM (UWDFT-Spread-OFDM), cyclic prefix OFDM CP-OFDM, resource-block-filteredOFDM, Wi Fi, WLAN, WiMax, and the like. However, various features andfunctionalities of system 100 are particularly described wherein thedevices (e.g., the user equipments 102 and the network device 104) ofsystem 100 are configured to communicate wireless signals using one ormore multi carrier modulation schemes, wherein data symbols can betransmitted simultaneously over multiple frequency subcarriers (e.g.,OFDM, CP-OFDM, DFT-spread OFMD, UFMC, FMBC, etc.). The embodiments areapplicable to single carrier as well as to multicarrier (MC) or carrieraggregation (CA) operation of the user equipment. The term carrieraggregation (CA) is also called (e.g. interchangeably called)“multi-carrier system”, “multi-cell operation”, “multi-carrieroperation”, “multi-carrier” transmission and/or reception. Note thatsome embodiments are also applicable for Multi RAB (radio bearers) onsome carriers (that is data plus speech is simultaneously scheduled).

In FIG. 1, as described herein, a user equipment (e.g., 102(1)) isconfigured to determine radio signal conditions based on radio referencesignals 110 from the network device 104. Based on the radio signalconditions, the user equipment (e.g., 102(1)) selects an MTU packet sizeas described herein for use in sending uplink packets 112 and/orreceiving downlink packets 114. So that the network device knows the MTUsize to use for downlink packets, in the example implementation of FIG.1, at least for download data transfers, the user equipment sends MTUdata 116 to the network device.

FIG. 2 shows timing/data communications between a network device 104 anda user equipment 102. After an initial connection, the network devicesends reference signals to the user equipment. The user equipment 102typically measures and returns a reference signal report to the networkdevice.

As represented in FIG. 2, the user equipment 102 comprises measurement,calculation and MTU selection logic 240, which based on the receivedreference signals from the network device 104, determines the radiosignal conditions and selects an MTU packet size for data transfers asdescribed herein. In one or more implementations, the user equipment'slogic 240 measures the reference signal received power (RSRP) datacorresponding to a power of a reference signal, and measures (that is,computes) the reference signal received quality (RSRQ) datacorresponding to a received quality of the reference signal. In general,these measurements (generally related to the currentsignal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR)) are well known and notdescribed herein in detail, except to note that the “measured” RSRQ iscomputed from the RSRP, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) andthe number of used resource blocks (N): RSRQ=(N*RSRP)/RSSI, measuredover the same bandwidth as RSRP and RSSI.

In one or more implementations, with the RSRP and RSRQ values, themeasurement, calculation and MTU selection logic 240 of the userequipment 102 obtains a MTU packet size, e.g., from an MTU data store242. It is also feasible to calculate the MTU size as a function of theRSRP and RSRQ values. If the network device 104 needs to know the MTUpacket size, e.g., for download data transfers, the packet size can bereturned as MTU data to the network device. Note that the RSRP and RSRQvalues can be returned in the reference signal report to the networkdevice, in which event the network device can similarly determine theMTU packet size, (provided that there are not different data stores 242or functions for different types of user equipments).

As generally represented in FIG. 3, in one or more implementations, thedata store 242 comprises a two-dimensional array/lookup table. Given theRSRP and RSRQ values, each of which can be rounded/quantized into arange or the like, indices to the lookup table are obtained and used toselect the MTU packet size.

In general, analysis of data transfers shows that the extendedacknowledgement delay is influenced by larger IP packet size (1500bytes) being broken into a large number of smaller radio blocks. If anyone of the radio blocks is not received by a user equipment, the TCPpacket cannot be reassembled, and retransmission of the radio block isrequired. When another Cat-M user is downloading the data at the sametime in the same cell, the TCP server time out rate can be very high. Inorder to reduce server time out rate (increase data download successrate), described herein is reducing the MTU size when the signal qualityis poor. For example, for one IP packet of 1500 bytes, the IP packet isbroken into smaller radio block for transmission, totaling about 20radio blocks. If any one of the radio blocks has a transmission error,the radio block are retransmitted, up to 32 additional times, whichgives minimum of a 256 millisecond retransmission delay. Ifretransmission fails, RLC (Radio Link Control) retransmission starts.The technology described herein reduces the number of radio blocksrequired for a TCP packet under poor radio signal conditions, by settingthe MTU size dynamically based on the radio signal conditions. Underpoor radio signal conditions, a smaller MTU size is assigned, wherebythe total transmission time is reduced, which in turns reduces the TCPretransmission rate and time out rate.

The mapping of radio signal conditions to each of the MTU sizes forpopulating the data store 242 can be established by (prior offline)field testing, as represented in FIG. 3 by the offline populationprocess 344. For example, to build the MTU and RSRP/RSRQ (ReferenceSignal Received Power/Reference Signal Received Quality) mapping datastore 242, field testing can vary the MTU size (e.g., from 500 to 1500bytes in steps of 100 bytes), and find the TCP IP packet retransmissionrate as a function of RSRP and RSRQ. This can be repeated for two andmore concurrent Cat-M devices, for example. The MTU size can then beoptimized according to optimization criteria, such as optimized tominimize the retransmission rate and to minimize the TCP session timeout rate at the cell edge.

FIGS. 4-6 comprise a flow diagram showing some example operations that auser equipment can perform with respect to selecting an MTU packet sizefor data transfers. After connecting to a network device and receivingthe radio reference signals, operation 402 represents obtaining(measuring) the RSRP data. Operation 404 represents obtaining (e.g.computing) and the RSRQ data.

Operation 406 represents looking up the MTU packet size to select basedon the RSRP data and the RSRQ data. Operation 408 represents selectingthe MTU, and if appropriate, providing the selected MTU packet size tothe network device.

As will be understood, in one or more implementations, the selected MTUpacket size can be varied from what is stored in the table, such as forthe next file download/upload, by adding/subtracting a delta value fromthe stored MTU lookup table; (it is also feasible to change the MTU sizeduring a TCP session, however the MTU size is usually set in the firstTCP packet header field (SYN and MSS) and remains unchanged afterward).As one straightforward example, the RSRP data and RSRQ data can bere-measured, such as periodically or on demand, and use to select apossibly a different MTU packet size. As another example, as describedherein, the actual performance of an upload data transfer can beevaluated, e.g., by tracking ACK and NACK signals corresponding to thesuccess or failure of data packet transfers, respectively. For example,ACK and NACK signals can be counted and if the performance of the datatransfer is good, the MTU packet size can be increased for subsequentdata transfer sessions. Conversely, if the performance of the datatransfer is poor, the MTU packet size can be decreased for subsequentdata transfer sessions. Thus, in one or more example implementations,counts of the ACK and NACK signals can be used to track performance of adata transfer operation. Operation 410 initializes (e.g., zeroes) thesecounts.

Operation 412 represents starting (or if already started, continuing)the data transfer, e.g., sending or receiving some portion of the data.The operations continue as represented in the flow diagram of FIG. 5until the data transfer is done (operation 414), including whensuccessfully completed or because of failure.

Operation 502 of FIG. 5 represents receiving (or if downloading,sending) an ACK or NACK signal. For a NACK, operation 504 branches tooperation 506, while for an ACK, operation 504 branches to theoperations of FIG. 6, described below.

Operation 506 represents incriminating the NACK count, and operation 508evaluates the NACK count against a NACK count threshold value. Note thatthe threshold value can be determined via field testing or the like, andcan be such that even a single NACK is considered to be indicative of aneed for a smaller MTU packet size, if possible. Further note that theNACK threshold value in use can differ for uploads versus downloads, andcan be changed based on the current MTU packet size and/or otherfactors. For example, the threshold value can allow for more aggressiveor less aggressive changes in the MTU packet size in use based onwhether the current MTU packet size is already near the lower end orupper end, whether the RSRP and/or RSRQ were closer to one end of arange versus closer to the center of the range, whether there alreadyhas been an adjustment (or adjustments) to the MTU packet size for anext TPC session, and so on.

Operation 510 evaluates whether the MTU size is already at the minimumpossible size. If not, operation 512 decreases the MTU size, e.g., by100 bytes, which can be reported to the network device, if appropriate.Note that in one or more implementations this decrease adjustment is forthe next TCP session, (although as set forth above, in alternativeimplementations the adjustment can be within the current session).Operation 514 represents adjusting the NACK count (e.g., such asre-zeroing the count) and/or adjusting the NACK threshold value inanticipation of a next NACK, if any. Note that ACK counts and NACKcounts can be related, e.g., as little as a single NACK can reset theACK count, or some number of ACK(s) can reset the NACK count. Operation516 represents performing appropriate actions to re-send a “NACK'ed”packet, or waiting to re-receive a packet; (or failing the datatransfer, if appropriate). The process returns to FIG. 4 to repeat datatransfer until successful or failed at operation 414.

FIG. 6 represents the general, example operations when an ACK isreceived (or sent). If there is more data to transfer, operation 602branches to operation 604, otherwise the process returns to end the datatransfer operations (successfully, at operation 414).

Operation 604 represents incrementing the ACK count, which is evaluatedat operation 606. If the threshold value is exceeded, then the datatransfer performance is good, and the MTU size can be increased for thenext TCP session (and reported to the network device, if appropriate).For example, some number (e.g., ten) successive ACKs (e.g., without anintervening NACK) can indicate good performance.

If good performance is determined and the MTU size is not already at themaximum size (operation 608), operation 610 increases the MTU size,e.g., by 100 bytes. Operation 612 represents adjusting the ACK countand/or ACK threshold value, (similar to what was described above withrespect to operation 514 of FIG. 5), in anticipation of one or morefuture ACKs.

FIG. 7 represents general, example operations of a user equipment 102.Operation 702 represents obtaining, by a user equipment comprising aprocessor, radio signal condition data representative of a condition ofa radio signal. Operation 704 represents determining, by the userequipment, an initial maximum transmission unit packet size based on theradio signal condition data. Operation 706 represents using, by the userequipment, the initial maximum transmission unit packet size as aselected maximum transmission unit packet size to transfer data betweenthe user equipment and a network device.

Obtaining the radio signal condition data can comprise measuringreference signal received power data corresponding to a power of areference signal and determining reference signal received quality datacorresponding to a received quality of the reference signal.

Determining the initial maximum transmission unit packet size cancomprise using the reference signal received power data and thereference signal received quality data to retrieve the initial maximumtransmission unit packet size from a data store of predetermined initialmaximum transmission unit packet sizes.

Aspects can comprise populating the data store of predetermined maximumtransmission unit packet sizes, comprising selecting maximumtransmission unit packet sizes for inclusion in the data store based ondetermining transmission control protocol IP packet retransmission ratesand determining transmission control protocol session time out rates ata cell edge, as a function of respective received powers and respectivereceived qualities, for respective reference signals of a group ofcandidate maximum transmission unit packet sizes.

Aspects can comprise determining, by the user equipment, that a negativeacknowledgement count applicable to packet transmissions is below athreshold value, and in response to the determining that the negativeacknowledgement count is below the threshold value, increasing theselected maximum transmission unit packet size to an increased maximumtransmission unit packet size, and using the increased maximumtransmission unit packet size to transfer subsequent data (e.g., in anext TCP session) between the user equipment and the network device.

Aspects can comprise determining, by the user equipment, that a negativeacknowledgement count applicable to packet transmissions is above athreshold value, and in response to the determining that the negativeacknowledgement count is above the threshold value, decreasing theselected maximum transmission unit packet size to a decreased maximumtransmission unit packet size, and using the decreased maximumtransmission unit packet size to transfer data between the userequipment and the network device, e.g., in a subsequent file transfer.

Using the selected maximum transmission unit packet size to transfer thedata between the user equipment and the network device can compriseusing the selected maximum transmission unit packet size to transfer thedata between a category-M device and the network device.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a radio user equipment device 102,comprising processor; and a memory that stores executable instructionsthat, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance ofoperations. Example operations comprise measuring radio signal conditiondata representative of a condition of a radio signal (operation 802) andselecting an initial maximum transmission unit packet size based on theradio signal condition data as a selected maximum transmission unitpacket size (operation 804). Operation 806 represents transferring databetween the radio user equipment device and a network device based onthe selected maximum transmission unit packet size.

Measuring the radio signal condition data can comprise measuring areceived power of a reference signal and determining a received qualityof the reference signal. Selecting the initial maximum transmission unitpacket size can comprise retrieving the initial maximum transmissionunit packet size from a data store of predetermined initial maximumtransmission unit packet sizes via a first lookup index based on thereceived power of the reference signal and a second lookup index basedon the received quality of the reference signal.

Aspects can comprise changing the selected maximum transmission unitpacket size based on actual performance measurement data with respect totransferring the data, e.g., in a subsequent data transfer session.Changing the selected maximum transmission unit packet size based on theactual performance measurement data can comprise tracking negativeacknowledgments received with respect to transferring the data. Changingthe selected maximum transmission unit packet size based on the actualperformance measurement data can comprise increasing the selectedmaximum transmission unit packet size. Changing the selected maximumtransmission unit packet size based on the actual performancemeasurement data can comprise decreasing the selected maximumtransmission unit packet size.

The radio user equipment device can comprise a category-M device.

FIG. 9 represents general, example operations of a machine-readablestorage medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executedby a processor of a user equipment, facilitate performance ofoperations. Example operations can comprise selecting a selected maximumtransmission unit packet size based on a reference signal received powerand a reference signal received quality (operation 902), and using theselected maximum transmission unit packet size, transferring databetween the user equipment and a network device operation 904).

Aspects can comprise determining the reference signal received power anddetermining the reference signal received quality at the user equipment,and retrieving the selected maximum transmission unit packet size from adata store of predetermined initial maximum transmission unit packetsizes via a first lookup index based on the reference signal receivedpower and a second lookup index based on the reference signal receivedquality.

Aspects can comprise changing the selected maximum transmission unitpacket size to a changed maximum transmission unit packet size based ona result of tracking negative acknowledgments received with respect totransferring the data. Changing the selected maximum transmission unitpacket size can comprise increasing the selected maximum transmissionunit packet size, e.g., for a subsequent data transfer session. Changingthe selected maximum transmission unit packet size can comprisedecreasing the selected maximum transmission unit packet size, e.g., fora subsequent data transfer session.

As can be seen, described herein is dynamically selecting the MTU sizebased on radio signal quality, to reduce TCP round trip time and therebyimprove machine-type (and other type) device communication performance.The technology reduces the TCP packet retransmission rate and sessiontime out rate, and consequently improves the data download/uploadsuccess rate. The technology thus improves Cat-M device reliability.

Referring now to FIG. 10, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample mobile handset 1000 operable to engage in a system architecturethat facilitates wireless communications according to one or moreembodiments described herein. Although a mobile handset is illustratedherein, it will be understood that other devices can be a mobile device,and that the mobile handset is merely illustrated to provide context forthe embodiments of the various embodiments described herein. Thefollowing discussion is intended to provide a brief, general descriptionof an example of a suitable environment in which the various embodimentscan be implemented. While the description includes a general context ofcomputer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable storagemedium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation alsocan be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particulartasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the methods described herein canbe practiced with other system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframecomputers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like,each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associateddevices

A computing device can typically include a variety of machine-readablemedia. Machine-readable media can be any available media that can beaccessed by the computer and includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and notlimitation, computer-readable media can comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media can include volatileand/or non-volatile media, removable and/or non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information, suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, orother data. Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, solid statedrive (SSD) or other solid-state storage technology, Compact Disk ReadOnly Memory (CD ROM), digital video disk (DVD), Blu-ray disk, or otheroptical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which canbe used to store the desired information and which can be accessed bythe computer. In this regard, the terms “tangible” or “non-transitory”herein as applied to storage, memory or computer-readable media, are tobe understood to exclude only propagating transitory signals per se asmodifiers and do not relinquish rights to all standard storage, memoryor computer-readable media that are not only propagating transitorysignals per se.

Communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated datasignal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includesany information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example,and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as awired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such asacoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the anyof the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media

The handset includes a processor 1002 for controlling and processing allonboard operations and functions. A memory 1004 interfaces to theprocessor 1002 for storage of data and one or more applications 1006(e.g., a video player software, user feedback component software, etc.).Other applications can include voice recognition of predetermined voicecommands that facilitate initiation of the user feedback signals. Theapplications 1006 can be stored in the memory 1004 and/or in a firmware1008, and executed by the processor 1002 from either or both the memory1004 or/and the firmware 1008. The firmware 1008 can also store startupcode for execution in initializing the handset 1000. A communicationscomponent 1010 interfaces to the processor 1002 to facilitatewired/wireless communication with external systems, e.g., cellularnetworks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, the communications component1010 can also include a suitable cellular transceiver 1011 (e.g., a GSMtransceiver) and/or an unlicensed transceiver 1011 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax)for corresponding signal communications. The handset 1000 can be adevice such as a cellular telephone, a PDA with mobile communicationscapabilities, and messaging-centric devices. The communicationscomponent 1010 also facilitates communications reception fromterrestrial radio networks (e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radionetworks, and Internet-based radio services networks

The handset 1000 includes a display 1010 for displaying text, images,video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setupfunctions, and for user input. For example, the display 1010 can also bereferred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation ofmultimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics,etc.). The display 1010 can also display videos and can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface1014 is provided in communication with the processor 1002 to facilitatewired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE1094) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating andtroubleshooting the handset 1000, for example. Audio capabilities areprovided with an audio I/O component 1016, which can include a speakerfor the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication thatthe user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the userfeedback signal. The audio I/O component 1016 also facilitates the inputof audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephonyvoice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset 1000 can include a slot interface 1018 for accommodating aSIC (Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a cardSubscriber Identity Module (SIM) or universal SIM 1020, and interfacingthe SIM card 1020 with the processor 1002. However, it is to beappreciated that the SIM card 1020 can be manufactured into the handset1000, and updated by downloading data and software.

The handset 1000 can process IP data traffic through the communicationscomponent 1010 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP network such as, forexample, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a home network, a personarea network, etc., through an ISP or broadband cable provider. Thus,VoIP traffic can be utilized by the handset 1000 and IP-based multimediacontent can be received in either an encoded or a decoded format.

A video processing component 1022 (e.g., a camera) can be provided fordecoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component 1022can aid in facilitating the generation, editing, and sharing of videoquotes. The handset 1000 also includes a power source 1024 in the formof batteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source 1024 caninterface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown)by a power I/O component 1026.

The handset 1000 can also include a video component 1030 for processingvideo content received and, for recording and transmitting videocontent. For example, the video component 1030 can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location trackingcomponent 1032 facilitates geographically locating the handset 1000. Asdescribed hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates thefeedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component 1034facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The userinput component 1034 can also facilitate the generation, editing andsharing of video quotes. The user input component 1034 can include suchconventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.

Referring again to the applications 1006, a hysteresis component 1036facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which isutilized to determine when to associate with the access point. Asoftware trigger component 1038 can be provided that facilitatestriggering of the hysteresis component 1036 when the Wi-Fi transceiver1011 detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client 1040 enablesthe handset 1000 to support SIP protocols and register the subscriberwith the SIP registrar server. The applications 1006 can also include aclient 1042 that provides at least the capability of discovery, play andstore of multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset 1000, as indicated above related to the communicationscomponent 1010, includes an indoor network radio transceiver 1011 (e.g.,Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, suchas IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM handset 1000. The handset 1000 canaccommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that cancombine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handhelddevice.

Referring now to FIG. 11, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample computer 1100 operable to engage in a system architecture thatfacilitates wireless communications according to one or more embodimentsdescribed herein. The computer 1100 can provide networking andcommunication capabilities between a wired or wireless communicationnetwork and a server (e.g., Microsoft server) and/or communicationdevice. In order to provide additional context for various aspectsthereof, FIG. 11 and the following discussion are intended to provide abrief, general description of a suitable computing environment in whichthe various aspects of the innovation can be implemented to facilitatethe establishment of a transaction between an entity and a third party.While the description above is in the general context ofcomputer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers,those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation also can beimplemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the various methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based orprogrammable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can beoperatively coupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated aspects of the innovation can also be practiced indistributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed byremote processing devices that are linked through a communicationsnetwork. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can belocated in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media or communications media, whichtwo terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.

Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. Computer-readablestorage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computingdevices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrievalprotocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the informationstored by the medium.

Communications media can embody computer-readable instructions, datastructures, program modules, or other structured or unstructured data ina data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave orother transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery ortransport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refers to asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way ofexample, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

The techniques described herein can be applied to any device or set ofdevices (machines) capable of running programs and processes. It can beunderstood, therefore, that servers including physical and/or virtualmachines, personal computers, laptops, handheld, portable and othercomputing devices and computing objects of all kinds including cellphones, tablet/slate computers, gaming/entertainment consoles and thelike are contemplated for use in connection with various implementationsincluding those exemplified herein. Accordingly, the general purposecomputing mechanism described below with reference to FIG. 11 is but oneexample of a computing device.

In order to provide a context for the various aspects of the disclosedsubject matter, FIG. 11 and the following discussion, are intended toprovide a brief, general description of a suitable environment in whichthe various aspects of the disclosed subject matter can be implemented.While the subject matter has been described above in the general contextof computer-executable instructions of a computer program that runs on acomputer and/or computers, those skilled in the art will recognize thatthe disclosed subject matter also can be implemented in combination withother program modules. Generally, program modules include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particulartasks and/or implement particular abstract data types.

In the subject specification, terms such as “store,” “storage,” “datastore,” data storage,” “database,” and substantially any otherinformation storage component relevant to operation and functionality ofa component, refer to “memory components,” or entities embodied in a“memory” or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciatedthat the memory components described herein can be either volatilememory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile andnonvolatile memory, by way of illustration, and not limitation, volatilememory 1100 (see below), non-volatile memory 1102 (see below), diskstorage 1104 (see below), and memory storage 1146 (see below). Further,nonvolatile memory can be included in read only memory (ROM),programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM),electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory caninclude random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in manyforms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronousDRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM(ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methodsherein are intended to comprise, without being limited to comprising,these and any other suitable types of memory.

Moreover, it will be noted that the disclosed subject matter can bepracticed with other computer system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, mini-computingdevices, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-heldcomputing devices (e.g., PDA, phone, watch, tablet computers, netbookcomputers, . . . ), microprocessor-based or programmable consumer orindustrial electronics, and the like. The illustrated aspects can alsobe practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks areperformed by remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network; however, some if not all aspects of the subjectdisclosure can be practiced on stand-alone computers. In a distributedcomputing environment, program modules can be located in both local andremote memory storage devices.

FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computing system 1100 operableto execute the disclosed systems and methods in accordance with anembodiment. Computer 1110, which can be, for example, part of thehardware of system 1100, includes a processing unit 1114, a systemmemory 1116, and a system bus 1118. System bus 1118 couples systemcomponents including, but not limited to, system memory 1116 toprocessing unit 1114. Processing unit 1114 can be any of variousavailable processors. Dual microprocessors and other multiprocessorarchitectures also can be employed as processing unit 1114.

System bus 1118 can be any of several types of bus structure(s)including a memory bus or a memory controller, a peripheral bus or anexternal bus, and/or a local bus using any variety of available busarchitectures including, but not limited to, Industrial StandardArchitecture (ISA), Micro-Channel Architecture (MSA), Extended ISA(EISA), Intelligent Drive Electronics , VESA Local Bus (VLB), PeripheralComponent Interconnect (PCI), Card Bus, Universal Serial Bus (USB),Advanced Graphics Port (AGP), Personal Computer Memory CardInternational Association bus (PCMCIA), Firewire (IEEE 1194), and SmallComputer Systems Interface (SCSI).

System memory 1116 can include volatile memory 1100 and nonvolatilememory 1102. A basic input/output system (BIOS), containing routines totransfer information between elements within computer 1110, such asduring start-up, can be stored in nonvolatile memory 1102. By way ofillustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory 1102 can includeROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, or flash memory. Volatile memory 1100 includesRAM, which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and notlimitation, RAM is available in many forms such as SRAM, dynamic RAM(DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM),enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM(RDRAM), direct Rambus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus dynamic RAM(RDRAM).

Computer 1110 can also include removable/non-removable,volatile/non-volatile computer storage media. FIG. 11 illustrates, forexample, disk storage 1104. Disk storage 1104 includes, but is notlimited to, devices like a magnetic disk drive, floppy disk drive, tapedrive, flash memory card, or memory stick. In addition, disk storage1104 can include storage media separately or in combination with otherstorage media including, but not limited to, an optical disk drive suchas a compact disk ROM device (CD-ROM), CD recordable drive (CD-R Drive),CD rewritable drive (CD-RW Drive) or a digital versatile disk ROM drive(DVD-ROM). To facilitate connection of the disk storage devices 1104 tosystem bus 1118, a removable or non-removable interface is typicallyused, such as interface 1106.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media or communications media, whichtwo terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.

Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read only memory(ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM),flash memory or other memory technology, solid state drive (SSD) orother solid-state storage technology, compact disk read only memory (CDROM), digital versatile disk (DVD), Blu-ray disc or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. In this regard,the terms “tangible” or “non-transitory” herein as applied to storage,memory or computer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude onlypropagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquishrights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media thatare not only propagating transitory signals per se. In an aspect,tangible media can include non-transitory media wherein the term“non-transitory” herein as may be applied to storage, memory orcomputer-readable media, is to be understood to exclude only propagatingtransitory signals per se as a modifier and does not relinquish coverageof all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media that are notonly propagating transitory signals per se. For the avoidance of doubt,the term “computer-readable storage device” is used and defined hereinto exclude transitory media. Computer-readable storage media can beaccessed by one or more local or remote computing devices, e.g., viaaccess requests, queries or other data retrieval protocols, for avariety of operations with respect to the information stored by themedium.

Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructureddata in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrierwave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information deliveryor transport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refersto a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changedin such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By wayof example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

It can be noted that FIG. 11 describes software that acts as anintermediary between users and computer resources described in suitableoperating environment 1100. Such software includes an operating system1108. Operating system 1108, which can be stored on disk storage 1104,acts to control and allocate resources of computer system 1110. Systemapplications 1130 take advantage of the management of resources byoperating system 1108 through program modules 1132 and program data 1134stored either in system memory 1116 or on disk storage 1104. It is to benoted that the disclosed subject matter can be implemented with variousoperating systems or combinations of operating systems.

A user can enter commands or information into computer 1110 throughinput device(s) 1136. As an example, a mobile device and/or portabledevice can include a user interface embodied in a touch sensitivedisplay panel allowing a user to interact with computer 1110. Inputdevices 1136 include, but are not limited to, a pointing device such asa mouse, trackball, stylus, touch pad, keyboard, microphone, joystick,game pad, satellite dish, scanner, TV tuner card, digital camera,digital video camera, web camera, cell phone, smartphone, tabletcomputer, etc. These and other input devices connect to processing unit1114 through system bus 1118 by way of interface port(s) 1138. Interfaceport(s) 1138 include, for example, a serial port, a parallel port, agame port, a universal serial bus (USB), an infrared port, a Bluetoothport, an IP port, or a logical port associated with a wireless service,etc. Output device(s) 1140 and a move use some of the same type of portsas input device(s) 1136.

Thus, for example, a USB port can be used to provide input to computer1110 and to output information from computer 1110 to an output device1140. Output adapter 1142 is provided to illustrate that there are someoutput devices 1140 like monitors, speakers, and printers, among otheroutput devices 1140, which use special adapters. Output adapters 1142include, by way of illustration and not limitation, video and soundcards that provide means of connection between output device 1140 andsystem bus 1118. It should be noted that other devices and/or systems ofdevices provide both input and output capabilities such as remotecomputer(s) 1144.

Computer 1110 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer(s)1144. Remote computer(s) 1144 can be a personal computer, a server, arouter, a network PC, cloud storage, cloud service, a workstation, amicroprocessor based appliance, a peer device, or other common networknode and the like, and typically includes many or all of the elementsdescribed relative to computer 1110.

For purposes of brevity, only a memory storage device 1146 isillustrated with remote computer(s) 1144. Remote computer(s) 1144 islogically connected to computer 1110 through a network interface 1148and then physically connected by way of communication connection 1150.Network interface 1148 encompasses wire and/or wireless communicationnetworks such as local-area networks (LAN) and wide-area networks (WAN).LAN technologies include Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), CopperDistributed Data Interface (CDDI), Ethernet, Token Ring and the like.WAN technologies include, but are not limited to, point-to-point links,circuit-switching networks like Integrated Services Digital Networks(ISDN) and variations thereon, packet switching networks, and DigitalSubscriber Lines (DSL). As noted below, wireless technologies may beused in addition to or in place of the foregoing.

Communication connection(s) 1150 refer(s) to hardware/software employedto connect network interface 1148 to bus 1118. While communicationconnection 1150 is shown for illustrative clarity inside computer 1110,it can also be external to computer 1110. The hardware/software forconnection to network interface 1148 can include, for example, internaland external technologies such as modems, including regular telephonegrade modems, cable modems and DSL modems, ISDN adapters, and Ethernetcards.

The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subjectdisclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the preciseforms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are describedherein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possiblethat are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples,as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding Figures, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

As it employed in the subject specification, the term “processor” canrefer to substantially any computing processing unit or devicecomprising, but not limited to comprising, single-core processors;single-processors with software multithread execution capability;multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithreadexecution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithreadtechnology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributedshared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integratedcircuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digitalsignal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), aprogrammable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device(CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functionsdescribed herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures suchas, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors,switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhanceperformance of user equipment. A processor may also be implemented as acombination of computing processing units.

In the subject specification, terms such as “store,” “storage,” “datastore,” data storage,” “database,” and substantially any otherinformation storage component relevant to operation and functionality ofa component, refer to “memory components,” or entities embodied in a“memory” or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciatedthat the memory components described herein can be either volatilememory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile andnonvolatile memory.

As used in this application, the terms “component,” “system,”“platform,” “layer,” “selector,” “interface,” and the like are intendedto refer to a computer-related entity or an entity related to anoperational apparatus with one or more specific functionalities, whereinthe entity can be either hardware, a combination of hardware andsoftware, software, or software in execution. As an example, a componentmay be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, aprocessor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program,and/or a computer. By way of illustration and not limitation, both anapplication running on a server and the server can be a component. Oneor more components may reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component may be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media, device readablestorage devices, or machine readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components may communicate via localand/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having oneor more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). Asanother example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry, which is operated by a software or firmwareapplication executed by a processor, wherein the processor can beinternal or external to the apparatus and executes at least a part ofthe software or firmware application. As yet another example, acomponent can be an apparatus that provides specific functionalitythrough electronic components without mechanical parts, the electroniccomponents can include a processor therein to execute software orfirmware that confers at least in part the functionality of theelectronic components.

In addition, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” ratherthan an exclusive “or.” That is, unless specified otherwise, or clearfrom context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the naturalinclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or Xemploys both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any ofthe foregoing instances. Moreover, articles “a” and “an” as used in thesubject specification and annexed drawings should generally be construedto mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from contextto be directed to a singular form.

Moreover, terms like “user equipment (UE),” “mobile station,” “mobile,”subscriber station,” “subscriber equipment,” “access terminal,”“terminal,” “handset,” and similar terminology, refer to a wirelessdevice utilized by a subscriber or user of a wireless communicationservice to receive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming,or substantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoingterms are utilized interchangeably in the subject specification andrelated drawings. Likewise, the terms “access point (AP),” “basestation,” “NodeB,” “evolved Node B (eNodeB),” “home Node B (HNB),” “homeaccess point (HAP),” “cell device,” “sector,” “cell,” and the like, areutilized interchangeably in the subject application, and refer to awireless network component or appliance that serves and receives data,control, voice, video, sound, gaming, or substantially any data-streamor signaling-stream to and from a set of subscriber stations or providerenabled devices. Data and signaling streams can include packetized orframe-based flows.

Additionally, the terms “core-network”, “core”, “core carrier network”,“carrier-side”, or similar terms can refer to components of atelecommunications network that typically provides some or all ofaggregation, authentication, call control and switching, charging,service invocation, or gateways. Aggregation can refer to the highestlevel of aggregation in a service provider network wherein the nextlevel in the hierarchy under the core nodes is the distribution networksand then the edge networks. User equipments do not normally connectdirectly to the core networks of a large service provider but can berouted to the core by way of a switch or radio area network.Authentication can refer to determinations regarding whether the userrequesting a service from the telecom network is authorized to do sowithin this network or not. Call control and switching can referdeterminations related to the future course of a call stream acrosscarrier equipment based on the call signal processing. Charging can berelated to the collation and processing of charging data generated byvarious network nodes. Two common types of charging mechanisms found inpresent day networks can be prepaid charging and postpaid charging.Service invocation can occur based on some explicit action (e.g. calltransfer) or implicitly (e.g., call waiting). It is to be noted thatservice “execution” may or may not be a core network functionality asthird party network/nodes may take part in actual service execution. Agateway can be present in the core network to access other networks.Gateway functionality can be dependent on the type of the interface withanother network.

Furthermore, the terms “user,” “subscriber,” “customer,” “consumer,”“prosumer,” “agent,” and the like are employed interchangeablythroughout the subject specification, unless context warrants particulardistinction(s) among the terms. It should be appreciated that such termscan refer to human entities or automated components (e.g., supportedthrough artificial intelligence, as through a capacity to makeinferences based on complex mathematical formalisms), that can providesimulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.

Aspects, features, or advantages of the subject matter can be exploitedin substantially any, or any, wired, broadcast, wirelesstelecommunication, radio technology or network, or combinations thereof.Non-limiting examples of such technologies or networks include Geocasttechnology; broadcast technologies (e.g., sub-Hz, ELF, VLF, LF, MF, HF,VHF, UHF, SHF, THz broadcasts, etc.); Ethernet; X.25; powerline-typenetworking (e.g., PowerLine AV Ethernet, etc.); femto-cell technology;Wi-Fi; Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX); EnhancedGeneral Packet Radio Service (Enhanced GPRS); Third GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP or 3G) Long Term Evolution (LTE); 3GPPUniversal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) or 3GPP UMTS; ThirdGeneration Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB);High Speed Packet Access (HSPA); High Speed Downlink Packet Access(HSDPA); High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA); GSM Enhanced DataRates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) Radio Access Network (RAN) or GERAN; UMTSTerrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN); or LTE Advanced.

What has been described above includes examples of systems and methodsillustrative of the disclosed subject matter. It is, of course, notpossible to describe every combination of components or methods herein.One of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many furthercombinations and permutations of the disclosure are possible.Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,”“possesses,” and the like are used in the detailed description, claims,appendices and drawings such terms are intended to be inclusive in amanner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” is interpretedwhen employed as a transitional word in a claim.

While the various embodiments are susceptible to various modificationsand alternative constructions, certain illustrated implementationsthereof are shown in the drawings and have been described above indetail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intention tolimit the various embodiments to the specific forms disclosed, but onthe contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, alternativeconstructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope ofthe various embodiments.

In addition to the various implementations described herein, it is to beunderstood that other similar implementations can be used ormodifications and additions can be made to the describedimplementation(s) for performing the same or equivalent function of thecorresponding implementation(s) without deviating therefrom. Stillfurther, multiple processing chips or multiple devices can share theperformance of one or more functions described herein, and similarly,storage can be effected across a plurality of devices. Accordingly, thevarious embodiments are not to be limited to any single implementation,but rather are to be construed in breadth, spirit and scope inaccordance with the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: populating, by a userequipment comprising a processor, a data store of defined limittransmission unit packet sizes, comprising selecting the defined limittransmission unit packet sizes for inclusion in the data store based ondetermining transmission control protocol IP packet retransmission ratesand determining transmission control protocol session time out rates ata cell edge, as a function of respective received powers and respectivereceived qualities, for respective reference signals corresponding to agroup of candidate defined limit transmission unit packet sizes; andemploying, by the user equipment, an initial defined limit transmissionunit packet size selected from the defined limit transmission unitpacket sizes included in the data store based on a condition of a radiosignal as a selected defined limit transmission unit packet size totransfer data between the user equipment and a network device.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the condition of the radio signal comprises apower of a reference signal associated with the radio signal.
 3. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the condition of the radio signal comprises areceived quality of a reference signal associated with the radio signal.4. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining, by the userequipment, that a negative acknowledgement count applicable to packettransmissions is below a threshold value, and, in response to thedetermining that the negative acknowledgement count is below thethreshold value, increasing the selected defined limit transmission unitpacket size to an increased defined limit transmission unit packet size,and using the increased defined limit transmission unit packet size totransfer data between the user equipment and the network device in asubsequent data transfer session subsequent to the increasing.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising determining, by the userequipment, that a negative acknowledgement count applicable to packettransmissions is above a threshold value, and, in response to thedetermining that the negative acknowledgement count is above thethreshold value, decreasing the selected defined limit transmission unitpacket size to a decreased defined limit transmission unit packet size,and using the decreased defined limit transmission unit packet size totransfer data between the user equipment and the network device in asubsequent data transfer session subsequent to the decreasing.
 6. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising changing, by the user equipment,the selected defined limit transmission unit packet size for asubsequent transfer of data, subsequent to the changing, between theuser equipment and the network device based on actual performancemeasurement data with respect to the transfer of the data between theuser equipment and the network device.
 7. The method of claim 1, whereinthe user equipment is a category-M device.
 8. A mobile device,comprising: a processor; and a memory that stores executableinstructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitateperformance of operations, the operations comprising: populating a datastore with threshold transmission unit packet sizes, comprisingselecting the threshold transmission unit packet sizes for inclusion inthe data store based on determining transmission control protocol IPpacket retransmission rates and determining transmission controlprotocol session time out rates at a cell edge, as a function ofrespective received powers and respective received qualities, forrespective reference signals of a group of candidate thresholdtransmission unit packet sizes; and employing an initial thresholdtransmission unit packet size selected from the data store based on acondition of a radio signal as a selected threshold transmission unitpacket size to transfer data in a data transfer session between themobile device and a network device.
 9. The mobile device of claim 8,wherein the condition of the radio signal comprises a power of areference signal associated with the radio signal.
 10. The mobile deviceof claim 8, wherein the condition of the radio signal comprises areceived quality of a reference signal associated with the radio signal.11. The mobile device of claim 8, wherein the operations furthercomprise determining that a negative acknowledgement count applicable topacket transmissions is below a threshold value, and, in response to thedetermining that the negative acknowledgement count is below thethreshold value, increasing the selected threshold transmission unitpacket size to an increased threshold transmission unit packet size, andusing the increased threshold transmission unit packet size to transferdata between the mobile device and the network device in a subsequentdata transfer session subsequent to the data transfer session.
 12. Themobile device of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprisedetermining that a negative acknowledgement count applicable to packettransmissions is above a threshold value, and, in response to thedetermining that the negative acknowledgement count is above thethreshold value, decreasing the selected threshold transmission unitpacket size to a decreased threshold transmission unit packet size, andusing the decreased threshold transmission unit packet size to transferdata between the mobile device and the network device in a subsequentdata transfer session subsequent to the data transfer session.
 13. Themobile device of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprisechanging the selected threshold transmission unit packet size for asubsequent transfer of data, subsequent to the data transfer session,between the mobile device and the network device based on actualperformance measurement data with respect to the transfer of the databetween the mobile device and the network device.
 14. The mobile deviceof claim 8, wherein the mobile device is a category-M device.
 15. Anon-transitory machine-readable medium, comprising executableinstructions that, when executed by a processor of a user equipment,facilitate performance of operations, the operations comprising:populating a data store of predetermined defined limit transmission unitpacket sizes, comprising selecting defined limit transmission unitpacket sizes for inclusion in the data store based on determiningtransmission control protocol IP packet retransmission rates anddetermining transmission control protocol session time out rates at acell edge, as a function of respective received powers and respectivereceived qualities, for respective reference signals of a group ofcandidate defined limit transmission unit packet sizes; and employing aninitial defined limit transmission unit packet size selected from thedata store based on a condition of a radio signal as a selected definedlimit transmission unit packet size to transfer data between the userequipment and network equipment.
 16. The non-transitory machine-readablemedium of claim 15, wherein the condition of the radio signal comprisesa power of a reference signal associated with the radio signal.
 17. Thenon-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein thecondition of the radio signal comprises a received quality of areference signal associated with the radio signal.
 18. Thenon-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein theoperations further comprise determining that a negative acknowledgementcount applicable to packet transmissions is below a threshold value,and, in response to the determining that the negative acknowledgementcount is below the threshold value, increasing the selected definedlimit transmission unit packet size to an increased defined limittransmission unit packet size, and using the increased defined limittransmission unit packet size to transfer data between the userequipment and the network equipment in a subsequent data transfersession after the transfer of the data between the user equipment andnetwork equipment.
 19. The non-transitory machine-readable medium ofclaim 15, wherein the operations further comprise determining that anegative acknowledgement count applicable to packet transmissions isabove a threshold value, and, in response to the determining that thenegative acknowledgement count is above the threshold value, decreasingthe selected defined limit transmission unit packet size to a decreaseddefined limit transmission unit packet size, and using the decreaseddefined limit transmission unit packet size to transfer data between theuser equipment and the network equipment in a subsequent data transfersession after the transfer of the data between the user equipment andnetwork equipment.
 20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium ofclaim 15, wherein the operations further comprise changing the selecteddefined limit transmission unit packet size for a subsequent transfer ofdata between the user equipment and the network equipment based onactual performance measurement data with respect to the transfer of thedata between the user equipment and the network equipment.